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Overview

Absence seizures involve brief, sudden lapses of consciousness. They're more common in children than in adults.

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    Get the latest epilepsy information from Mayo Clinic delivered to your inbox.Risk factorsComplicationsRelated information Support groups From other websites Content disclaimerWhat is the most common cause of seizures in infants and children?What are the most common risk factors for epilepsy?What is the risk of developing epilepsy?What is the most common problem that may affect a child with epilepsy?

Someone having an absence seizure may look like he or she is staring blankly into space for a few seconds. Then, there is a quick return to a normal level of alertness. This type of seizure usually doesn't lead to physical injury.

Absence seizures usually can be controlled with anti-seizure medications. Some children who have them also develop other seizures. Many children outgrow absence seizures in their teens.

Symptoms

An indication of simple absence seizure is a vacant stare, which may be mistaken for a lapse in attention that lasts about 10 seconds, though it may last as long as 20 seconds, without any confusion, headache or drowsiness afterward. Signs and symptoms of absence seizures include:

    Sudden stop in motion without fallingLip smackingEyelid fluttersChewing motionsFinger rubbingSmall movements of both hands

Afterward, there's no memory of the incident. Some people have many episodes daily, which interfere with school or daily activities.

A child may have absence seizures for some time before an adult notices the seizures, because they're so brief. A decline in a child's learning ability may be the first sign of this disorder. Teachers may comment about a child's inability to pay attention or that a child is often daydreaming.

When to see a doctor

Contact your doctor:

    The first time you notice a seizureIf this is a new type of seizureIf the seizures continue to occur despite taking anti-seizure medication

Contact 911 or emergency services in your area:

    If you observe prolonged automatic behaviors lasting minutes to hours — activities such as eating or moving without awareness — or prolonged confusion, possible symptoms of a condition called absence status epilepticusAfter any seizure lasting more than five minutes

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Causes

Many children appear to have a genetic predisposition to absence seizures.

In general, seizures are caused by abnormal electrical impulses from nerve cells (neurons) in the brain. The brain's nerve cells normally send electrical and chemical signals across the synapses that connect them.

In people who have seizures, the brain's usual electrical activity is altered. During an absence seizure, these electrical signals repeat themselves over and over in a three-second pattern.

People who have seizures may also have altered levels of the chemical messengers that help the nerve cells communicate with one another (neurotransmitters).

Risk factors

Certain factors are common to children who have absence seizures, including:

    Age. Absence seizures are more common in children between the ages of 4 and 14.Sex. Absence seizures are more common in girls.Family members who have seizures. Nearly half of children with absence seizures have a close relative who has seizures.

Complications

While most children outgrow absence seizures, some:

    Must take anti-seizure medications throughout life to prevent seizuresEventually have full convulsions, such as generalized tonic-clonic seizures

Other complications can include:

    Learning difficultiesBehavior problemsSocial isolation

Feb. 24, 2022

Summary

Read the full fact sheet

    Epilepsy is commonly diagnosed in children and can be confused with other conditions. An accurate diagnosis is essential.Seizures usually respond well to medication and most children with epilepsy will enjoy a normal and active childhood.The impact of epilepsy will vary for each child. Try to keep epilepsy in perspective for your child and your family.Remember to keep a balance between protecting your child and encouraging their independence.

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:

This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:

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Support groups

    From other websites

      Content disclaimer

      Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional. The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances. The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website.

      What is the most common cause of seizures in infants and children?

      The most common type of seizure in children is from a fever (called a febrile seizure). Other causes include infections, low blood sodium, medicines, drug use (amphetamines or cocaine), brain injury or a tumor, and genetic changes. Sometimes, a seizure's cause is never found.

      What are the most common risk factors for epilepsy?

      Risk factors. Age. The onset of epilepsy is most common in children and older adults, but the condition can occur any age.. Family history. ... . Head injuries. ... . Stroke and other vascular diseases. ... . Dementia. ... . Brain infections. ... . Seizures in childhood..

      What is the risk of developing epilepsy?

      About 1 in 100 people in the U.S. has had a single unprovoked seizure or has been diagnosed with epilepsy. 1 in 26 people will develop epilepsy in their lifetime. People with certain conditions may be greater risk.

      What is the most common problem that may affect a child with epilepsy?

      Approximately 50 percent of children with epilepsy have some form of learning difficulty. The functions most often influenced by epilepsy are speech and language, attention, memory, and executive functioning. Anticonvulsant medications can sometimes affect cognitive function but are generally very well tolerated. Tải thêm tài liệu liên quan đến nội dung bài viết What is a common risk for epileptic seizures during late infancy to early childhood?

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